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Uniform samples needed to hit a small window

Question

Independent Unif(0,1)\text{Unif}(0,1) values are generated, nn of them. How large must nn be, at minimum, so that with probability 0.990.99 or more some value lands inside the open window from 0.480.48 to 0.520.52?

Short answer

113113. Each draw misses the window with probability 0.960.96, so we need 0.96n≤0.010.96^n\le0.01, i.e. n≥ln⁡0.01ln⁡0.96≈112.8n\ge\tfrac{\ln 0.01}{\ln 0.96}\approx112.8.

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