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One random subset contained in another

Question

Two subsets AA and BB of a 55-element set XX are chosen independently and uniformly from all 252^5 subsets. What is the probability that A⊆BA\subseteq B?

Short answer

2431024\tfrac{243}{1024}. Each element independently lands in one of four equally likely situations (in both, only AA, only BB, neither). A⊆BA\subseteq B rules out only “in AA but not BB”, so the probability is (34)5\left(\tfrac34\right)^5.

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