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Norm of the stationary law for a doubly stochastic chain

Question

A transition matrix is called doubly stochastic when all its entries are non-negative and each row and each column adds up to 11. A Markov chain on the state space {1,2,…,100}\{1,2,\dots,100\} has a doubly stochastic transition matrix PP, and π\pi denotes its stationary distribution. Compute the Euclidean norm ∥π∥\lVert\pi\rVert.

Short answer

1/101/10. Because every column of PP sums to 11, the uniform vector satisfies πP=π\pi P=\pi, so πi=1100\pi_i=\tfrac1{100} for each state. Its norm is 100⋅10−4=110\sqrt{100\cdot 10^{-4}}=\tfrac1{10}.

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