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Expected colour runs in a biased row of 25 cells

Question

A row has 2525 cells. Each cell is coloured black with probability 34\tfrac34 and white with probability 14\tfrac14, independently. A component is a maximal block of neighbouring cells sharing one colour; for example BBWBWWWBBW has 66 components. What is the expected number of components in the row?

Short answer

1010. The number of components is 11 plus the number of neighbouring pairs whose colours differ. Two neighbours agree with probability 916+116=58\tfrac9{16}+\tfrac1{16}=\tfrac58, so they differ with probability 38\tfrac38, and there are 2424 pairs: 1+24⋅38=101+24\cdot\tfrac38=10.

Adapted from QuantQuestions.io; question and answer rewritten by SelfMadeQuant.com.

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