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Even outcome after shaving a pip off a random face

Question

Start with an ordinary die showing 11 to 66. Choose one face uniformly at random and reduce its number by 11. If this modified die is then rolled, what is the probability of an even result?

Short answer

1/21/2. Lowering a face by one flips its parity. If an even face was changed (probability 12\tfrac12), two faces remain even; if an odd face was changed, four are even. So 12⋅26+12⋅46=12\tfrac12\cdot\tfrac26+\tfrac12\cdot\tfrac46=\tfrac12.

Adapted from QuantQuestions.io; question and answer rewritten by SelfMadeQuant.com.

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