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Escaping a circular field guarded by a fast dog

Question

You stand in the middle of a round field whose radius is RR. A dog that cannot leave the perimeter fence runs four times faster than you. How can you reach the fence at a point where the dog is not waiting?

Short answer

Circle first, then dash. On a circle of radius just under R/4R/4 your angular speed beats the dog's, so you can get to the point diametrically opposite it. From there you need 3R4\tfrac{3R}{4} of running, while the dog must cover πR\pi R at four times your speed, i.e. the equivalent of πR4≈0.785R>0.75R\tfrac{\pi R}{4}\approx0.785R>0.75R, so you arrive first.

Adapted from Crack, Heard on the Street, Q1.39, p.17; question and answer rewritten by SelfMadeQuant.com.

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