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Paying 5 cents per extra uniform draw, chosen upfront

Question

You will be paid according to independent Unif(0,1)\text{Unif}(0,1) draws. The first draw is free; each additional draw costs $0.05, and you must commit to how many additional draws you are buying before anything is drawn. The amount you receive is the largest value among all the draws. With the best choice, what is your expected net payout?

Short answer

1320\tfrac{13}{20}. The maximum of nn uniforms has mean nn+1\tfrac{n}{n+1}, so drawing nn numbers in total is worth f(n)=nn+1−n−120f(n)=\tfrac{n}{n+1}-\tfrac{n-1}{20}. The nn-th draw adds 1n(n+1)\tfrac{1}{n(n+1)}, which exceeds the 120\tfrac1{20} fee for n≤3n\le3 and exactly equals it at n=4n=4, so f(3)=f(4)=1320f(3)=f(4)=\tfrac{13}{20} is the maximum.

Adapted from QuantQuestions.io; question and answer rewritten by SelfMadeQuant.com.

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