Keep or pay to discard cards for an average payout
Question
A shuffled deck contains cards valued to . Cards are turned over one at a time, and for each one you choose to keep it or throw it away, paying $1 for every card you throw away. At the end you receive the average value of the cards you kept. What strategy is optimal, and what is the expected profit?
Short answer
Keep every card; expected profit $50.50. Any discarding is best done on the lowest cards, and throwing away all cards below yields an average of at a cost of , i.e. a profit of , which falls as grows. So is optimal, giving .
Adapted from QuantQuestions.io; question and answer rewritten by SelfMadeQuant.com.
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