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Distinct die faces seen before the first repeat

Question

A fair six-sided die is thrown repeatedly until some face appears for the second time. What is the expected number of different faces seen before that repetition happens?

Short answer

899/324899/324. Write XX for the count and use E[X]=∑kP(X≥k)E[X]=\sum_k P(X\ge k). Having kk distinct faces requires the first kk throws to be all different, with probability ∏j<k6−j6\prod_{j<k}\tfrac{6-j}{6}. Summing 1+56+2036+60216+1201296+12077761+\tfrac56+\tfrac{20}{36}+\tfrac{60}{216}+\tfrac{120}{1296}+\tfrac{120}{7776} gives 899324\tfrac{899}{324}.

Adapted from QuantQuestions.io; question and answer rewritten by SelfMadeQuant.com.

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