Cutting chain links until only the top orb is left
Question
Seven orbs, numbered through from the top, hang in a vertical chain; orb is fixed to the ceiling and consecutive orbs are joined by single links. At each step one of the links still present is chosen uniformly at random and cut, and everything hanging below the cut drops away and breaks. On average, how many cuts are made before orb is the only orb remaining?
Short answer
. With links, the first cut is uniform among them and leaves a uniformly random number of links, so , which simplifies to . Hence , and six links give .
Adapted from QuantQuestions.io; question and answer rewritten by SelfMadeQuant.com.
See the hint and the full worked solution in the question bank (free account).
Open the worked solutionLessons behind this question
- Expectation, Mean, and Variance
- Conditional Expectation and Variance Revisited
- Continuous Random Variables and Probability Density Functions
Start with a free lesson: Expectation, Variance and Covariance is part of a free topic. Create a free account, no card needed, to read it in full with worked solutions.
Read it free