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Both zoo animals swimming given one swimming panda

Question

A zoo enclosure houses two species, giant otters and red pandas, and any animal there may be doing one of five things: eating, sleeping, rolling, swimming or resting. You look at two animals; every ordered combination of (species, activity) for the two is equally likely, repeats allowed. You learn that at least one of them was a red panda that was swimming. Given this, find the chance that each of the two animals was in the water swimming.

Short answer

3/193/19. Each animal has 10 equally likely (species, activity) states, so 100 ordered pairs. Pairs containing at least one swimming red panda number 100−81=19100-81=19. Of these, the ones where both swim are (otter, panda), (panda, otter) and (panda, panda) — all swimming — giving 319\tfrac{3}{19}.

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