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At least one of three darts in the bullseye disc

Question

A circular dartboard of radius 33 ft has inner circles of radius 11 ft and 22 ft. Three darts each land at an independent, uniformly random point on the board. What is the probability that at least one dart lands within 11 ft of the centre?

Short answer

217729\tfrac{217}{729}. A single dart lands in the inner disc with probability equal to the area ratio π9π=19\tfrac{\pi}{9\pi}=\tfrac19. All three miss it with probability (89)3=512729\left(\tfrac89\right)^3=\tfrac{512}{729}, so the answer is 1−512729=2177291-\tfrac{512}{729}=\tfrac{217}{729}.

Adapted from QuantQuestions.io; question and answer rewritten by SelfMadeQuant.com.

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