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Why capped puts and uncapped calls cost the same

Question

With zero interest rates, an at-the-money European call can pay off without limit, whereas the matching at-the-money put can pay at most the strike. Show that the two nevertheless have the same price, and explain why this is not a paradox.

Short answer

Parity with r=0r = 0 and K=S0K = S_0 gives C−P=S0−K=0C - P = S_0 - K = 0. Pricing uses the risk-neutral mean E[ST]=S0=K\mathbb{E}[S_T] = S_0 = K, so expected upside above KK must equal expected downside below it. The lognormal distribution is right-skewed: the call's large gains come with small probability, while moderate declines below KK are more likely, and the two expectations balance exactly.

Adapted from Crack, Heard on the Street, Q2.3, p.23; question and answer rewritten by SelfMadeQuant.com.

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