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Expected payoff of a zero-strike straddle on a normal

Question

An underlying price at expiry is modelled as S∼N(0,1)S \sim N(0,1), and you hold a straddle struck at K=0K=0, so the payoff is ∣S−K∣|S-K|.

Let vv be the expected payoff of this straddle. It turns out that v2=aπv^2 = \dfrac{a}{\pi} for some rational aa. What is aa?

Short answer

a=2a = 2. The payoff is ∣S∣|S|. By symmetry E∣S∣=2∫0∞x2πe−x2/2 dx=22π=2/π\mathbb{E}|S| = 2\int_0^\infty \tfrac{x}{\sqrt{2\pi}}e^{-x^2/2}\,dx = \tfrac{2}{\sqrt{2\pi}} = \sqrt{2/\pi}, so v2=2/πv^2 = 2/\pi. More generally E∣S∣=σ2/π\mathbb{E}|S| = \sigma\sqrt{2/\pi} for S∼N(0,σ2)S\sim N(0,\sigma^2).

Adapted from QuantQuestions.io; question and answer rewritten by SelfMadeQuant.com.

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