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Father's age from nine evenly spaced children

Question

A father has nine children whose ages are distinct whole numbers forming an arithmetic progression (equal gaps between successive births). The squares of the children's ages add up to the square of the father's age, and the father is no older than 6060. How old is he?

Short answer

48. With middle age mm and gap ss, the sum of squares is 9m2+60s2=d29m^2+60s^2=d^2. Divisibility by 33 and the size bound d≥14sd\ge14s force s=3s=3, leaving (d/3)2−m2=60(d/3)^2-m^2=60; the only fit with positive ages is m=14m=14, d=48d=48 (ages 2,5,…,262,5,\dots,26).

Adapted from QuantQuestions.io; question and answer rewritten by SelfMadeQuant.com.

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