Expected value of a random number of ones and nines
Question
An -digit number is generated in two steps. First draw uniformly from . Then choose uniformly among all -digit strings containing exactly ones, with every other digit a nine. What is ?
Short answer
55555555. Swapping every with a maps strings with ones to strings with ones, and and are equally likely, so each digit is or with probability . Each digit therefore averages , and by linearity .
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Open the worked solutionLessons behind this question
- Expectation, Mean, and Variance
- Conditional Expectation and Variance Revisited
- Continuous Random Variables and Probability Density Functions
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