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Dollars and cents swap after spending half

Question

A shopper walks into a store with some dollars and cents (not zero) and spends exactly half of it. On leaving, the number of cents he holds equals the number of dollars he started with, and the number of dollars he holds is half the number of cents he started with. How much did he have on entering?

Short answer

$99.98. Start with xx dollars and yy cents and leave with y2\tfrac y2 dollars and xx cents. In cents, 100x+y=2(50y+x)100x+y=2(50y+x), so 98x=99y98x=99y. With x,y≤99x,y\le99 the only non-zero solution is x=99x=99, y=98y=98, and indeed half of $99.98 is $49.99.

Adapted from QuantQuestions.io; question and answer rewritten by SelfMadeQuant.com.

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