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Expected longest piece after two random cuts

Question

Two points are chosen independently and uniformly on a stick of length 11, and the stick is cut at both, giving three pieces. Find the expected length of the largest piece.

Short answer

11/1811/18. The three lengths are uniform on the simplex, and for nn pieces the expected maximum is 1n∑k=1n1k\tfrac1n\sum_{k=1}^n\tfrac1k. With n=3n=3 this is 13(1+12+13)=1118≈0.611\tfrac13\left(1+\tfrac12+\tfrac13\right)=\tfrac{11}{18}\approx0.611, which a simulation confirms.

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