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Odd row and column sums in a 3x3 grid

Question

The numbers 1 through 9 are placed in the nine cells of a 3×33\times3 grid in a uniformly random arrangement. What is the probability that all three row sums and all three column sums are odd?

Short answer

1/141/14. Mark odd numbers (five of them) as 1s. Each line needs an odd count of 1s, so with five 1s the row counts are 3,1,13,1,1 and so are the column counts: the 1s fill one full row plus one full column. That gives 3⋅3=93\cdot3=9 parity patterns out of (95)=126\binom95=126.

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