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Matching a clipped maximum and a clipped minimum

Question

Integers aa and bb are each chosen independently and uniformly from {−10,−9,…,9,10}\{-10,-9,\dots,9,10\}. What is the probability that max⁡(0,a)=min⁡(0,b)\max(0,a)=\min(0,b)?

Short answer

121/441121/441. The left side is at least 0 and the right side at most 0, so both must equal 0. That happens exactly when a≤0a\le 0 and b≥0b\ge 0, each with 11 of the 21 values, giving (1121)2\left(\tfrac{11}{21}\right)^2.

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